Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada jointly heads the powerful Sinaloa cartel and, with Guzmán facing possible extradition to the U.S., it falls to Zambada to maintain the gang's ranking as the world's largest.
An important aspect which helped locate him was discovering Guzmán's intention to have a biographical film made. He contacted actresses and producers, which was part of one line of investigation.
The FBI investigation started with a confidential informant who offered to connect the Sinaloa cartel with an Italian organized crime group that claimed it had influence at U.S. and Spanish ports.
Rafael Humberto Celaya Valenzuela, part of Mexico's Sinaloa cartel, was sentenced in federal court in New Hampshire.
In his opinion Mexico needs a federal regulatory body, capital controls for legal producers of the drug and monitoring political financing to prevent cartels from laundering their funds.
Security Minister Sergio Berni says authorities received information that 'El Chapo' tried to cross the Chilean-Argentine border.
The Central American country also requested the extradition of a Mexican couple involved in a criminal network that trafficked cocaine.
The search warrants were carried out in three states: Puebla, Sinaloa and the State of Mexico.
Officials think the drug lord injured a leg and his face in evading capture.